In the coming years, quantum devices with tens-to-hundreds of noisy qubits are expected to become a reality. This marks the beginning of the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing era. That will be critical if we are going to be able to process the monumental amount of data we generate and solve very complex problems. Today, Google has a quantum computer they claim is 100 million times faster than any of today’s systems. Quantum computing and quantum information processing is expected to have immense impact by performing tasks too hard for even the most powerful conventional supercomputer and have a host of specific applications, from code-breaking and cyber security to medical diagnostics, big data analysis and logistics. The idea is to create a pattern of interference where the paths leading to wrong answers interfere destructively and cancel out but the paths leading to the right answer reinforce each other. Entangled particles remain perfectly correlated even if separated by great distances. Entanglement is an extremely strong correlation between quantum particles. Quantum interference is what allows us to bias quantum systems toward the desired state. Superposition refers to the quantum phenomenon where a quantum system can exist in multiple states concurrently. These properties allow processor using qubits could theoretically solve problems exponentially more quickly than a traditional computer for a small set of specialized problems. Quantum computers, run on a subatomic level using quantum bits (or qubits) that can represent a 0 and a 1 at the same time. It uses three fundamental properties of quantum physics: superposition, interference, and entanglement. Quantum computing is a different form of computation. With Moore’s Law coming to end, industry leaders are racing to develop quantum computers to process this extreme data. Society is entering the age of extreme data, we generate 2.5 quintillion bytes daily, and by 2025, global data volumes are set to hit 163 zettabytes.
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